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This paper develops a dynamic sequential model of a pure limit order market to study the impact of market transparency on traders’ order submission strategies,market quality and limit order book dynamics. On the one hand,in a mor...
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This paper develops a dynamic sequential model of a pure limit order market to study the impact of market transparency on traders’ order submission strategies,market quality and limit order book dynamics. On the one hand,in a more transparent market,market depth increases,bid-ask spread decreases and market quality becomes better. On the other hand,at the same time,market volume decreases and the percentage of market orders in the total orders decreases. That means traders’ waiting costs and then their transaction costs increase. This paper also finds that the market delays in arriving at the equilibrium point of trade in a more transparent market.
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The civil engineering curriculum at Tongji University and University of Florida should help students to be qualified civil engineers. And they should meet today's civil engineering requirements. Universities spare no effort to pla...
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The civil engineering curriculum at Tongji University and University of Florida should help students to be qualified civil engineers. And they should meet today's civil engineering requirements. Universities spare no effort to plan and design their courses and curriculums and have the same final objectives to cultivate their students to be talented, skillful civil engineers. This paper will describe admission, civil engineering curriculum, tests and grading methods at two universities. The objective is to study and analyze these two programs and find out the differences in order to understand today's civil engineering requirements. Tongji University is now a comprehensive university with seven disciplines in engineering, science, medicine, management, arts, law and economics with strength in the area of architecture, civil engineering and oceanography. Tongji University has 22 national key laboratories and engineering research centers and over 50,000 students. The university offers diverse courses in its 82 Bachelor's Degrees, 218 Masters, 94 PhD programs and 16 post doctoral mobile stations. Bachelor of civil engineering degree at the Tongji University includes diverse subjects such as Pavement Engineering, Underground Building Engineering, Construction Disaster Reduction & Risk Evaluation Engineering, Traffic Engineering, Building Construction, Construction Equipment Engineering, Bridge Engineering and Geotechnical Engineering. The University of Florida is a major, public, and land-grant research university that has 16 colleges and more than 100 research, service and education centers. The civil engineering program at the University of Florida is a four year program including three semesters a year. Students are required to acquire 63 credits of lower division and engineering fundamentals within the first two years, 53 credits of required civil engineering course work and 15 credits of advanced electives including 3 credits of design course and 3 credits of capstone design course within last two years for a total of 131 credits. Curriculum structure, number of courses, tests requirement and grading methods and graduation requirements are some of the differences exist between the two programs at both universities. However, both of the programs aim at cultivating their students to be qualified and skillful engineers in civil engineering.
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In an informatin age,the markieting environmaent is continuously changing and unpredictable.A model of Decision Support System for advanced manufacturing systems (DSSAMS) based on the self-organizaiton theory is proposed.DSSAMS ha...
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In an informatin age,the markieting environmaent is continuously changing and unpredictable.A model of Decision Support System for advanced manufacturing systems (DSSAMS) based on the self-organizaiton theory is proposed.DSSAMS has self-learning and adaptive ability to dynamically re-confiturate itself for supporting new decision requirements from AMS.
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The Internet user population has drastically increased for many years. The Internet usage behavior and the Internet Quality of Service (QoS) are relatively used in most discussions about Internet users' experience and satisfaction...
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The Internet user population has drastically increased for many years. The Internet usage behavior and the Internet Quality of Service (QoS) are relatively used in most discussions about Internet users' experience and satisfaction. Even though much research has been done to improve the Internet QoS without jeopardizing the user experience, there is still a lack of studies to identify the relationship between both elements. This paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review of the relationship between Internet usage behavior and Internet QoS on campus. For this purpose, some literature search was conducted in several databases such as ACM, IEEE Explore, and Scopus. There were 47 articles selected and 36 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results show direct and indirect relationships between Internet usage, user behavior, and Internet QoS on campus. Based on these results, component variables for constructing an Internet usage behavior model on campus are proposed, and a set of direct and indirect relationships between these variables. This study complements the few previous investigations of these collaborative relationships.
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Still image output of a typical retina-like CMOS sensor is simulated firstly according to the arrangement of imaging device array, which is important for following research on imaging theory of the sensor in high speed forward mot...
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Still image output of a typical retina-like CMOS sensor is simulated firstly according to the arrangement of imaging device array, which is important for following research on imaging theory of the sensor in high speed forward motion. Then, the degeneration matrix of the sensor in high speed forward motion is deduced on the basis of imaging mechanism of high speed forward motion and imaging characteristic of the sensor, and the retina-like CMOS sensor is qualitatively proved to exhibit less fuzzy degree compared with the rectangular sensor that has the same visual field and biggest resolution in transverse and longitudinal with the retina-like CMOS sensor, according to visual effect of simulated blurred images recorded from the two kinds of sensors. Finally, it is quantitatively proved that the retina-like CMOS sensor has great application potential in high speed forward motion with method to evaluate image quality based on structural information of the blurred image in polar coordinates.
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In this paper, we present an interferometric method to measure the shape of X-ray wavefront and the slope error of optical elements using microfocus x-ray source. According to the fractional Talbot effect, we built an x-ray gratin...
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In this paper, we present an interferometric method to measure the shape of X-ray wavefront and the slope error of optical elements using microfocus x-ray source. According to the fractional Talbot effect, we built an x-ray grating interferometer for x-ray wavefront characterization at the working wavelength. The interferometer consists of a phase grating as a beam splitter and an absorption grating as a transmission mask for the detector, however, the determination of the relation between x-ray grating interferometer system parameters and the sensitivity, which is influenced by many optical elements in the system, is crucial for the optimization of the setup. It is very complicated to determine the best optical parameters in the course of experiment. The interferometry system is abstracted into a linear system, and then a mathematical model is constructed. The influence of different physical parameters, such as the source size and the energy spectrum, on the functional capability of an x-ray grating interferometer applied for X-ray wavefront characterization is discussed using numerical simulations based on Fresnel diffraction theory. The slope variations can be detected with an accuracy better than 100nrad.
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摘要 :
In this paper, we present an interferometric method to measure the shape of X-ray wavefront and the slope error of optical elements using microfocus x-ray source. According to the fractional Talbot effect, we built an x-ray gratin...
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In this paper, we present an interferometric method to measure the shape of X-ray wavefront and the slope error of optical elements using microfocus x-ray source. According to the fractional Talbot effect, we built an x-ray grating interferometer for x-ray wavefront characterization at the working wavelength. The interferometer consists of a phase grating as a beam splitter and an absorption grating as a transmission mask for the detector, however, the determination of the relation between x-ray grating interferometer system parameters and the sensitivity, which is influenced by many optical elements in the system, is crucial for the optimization of the setup. It is very complicated to determine the best optical parameters in the course of experiment. The interferometry system is abstracted into a linear system, and then a mathematical model is constructed. The influence of different physical parameters, such as the source size and the energy spectrum, on the functional capability of an x-ray grating interferometer applied for X-ray wavefront characterization is discussed using numerical simulations based on Fresnel diffraction theory. The slope variations can be detected with an accuracy better than 100nrad.
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To construct the Gansu province proso millet core Germplasm resources. According to the Gansu province millet local resources to make groups, clustering in groups, according to the proportion of 20% sampling to determine a corresp...
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To construct the Gansu province proso millet core Germplasm resources. According to the Gansu province millet local resources to make groups, clustering in groups, according to the proportion of 20% sampling to determine a corresponding number of taxa, according to average deviation rate of various genotypes in a group to determine sampling, to construct the primary gene pool, assess and evaluate the core germplasm genetic diversity index, characteristic value and the accuracy. Construction of 122 core germplasm resources of Panicum miliaceum in Gansu province, accounted for 21.6% of the total resource. The construction of core germplasm of this study reflect Gansu province millet local resource genetic diversity, on behalf of the tested germplasm.
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To construct the Gansu province proso millet core Germplasm resources. According to the Gansu province millet local resources to make groups, clustering in groups, according to the proportion of 20% sampling to determine a corresp...
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To construct the Gansu province proso millet core Germplasm resources. According to the Gansu province millet local resources to make groups, clustering in groups, according to the proportion of 20% sampling to determine a corresponding number of taxa, according to average deviation rate of various genotypes in a group to determine sampling, to construct the primary gene pool, assess and evaluate the core germplasm genetic diversity index, characteristic value and the accuracy. Construction of 122 core germplasm resources of Panicum miliaceum in Gansu province, accounted for 21.6% of the total resource. The construction of core germplasm of this study reflect Gansu province millet local resource genetic diversity, on behalf of the tested germplasm.
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In 1981, the Chinese State Council issued its "Resolution on Issues Concerning Forest Protection and Development", also known as its "three fixes" policy, marking the beginning of forest tenure reform in China. Since then, the for...
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In 1981, the Chinese State Council issued its "Resolution on Issues Concerning Forest Protection and Development", also known as its "three fixes" policy, marking the beginning of forest tenure reform in China. Since then, the forestry sectors have begun to register forestlands and issued the tenure certificates which clarify the tenure of forest lands and timber. A special system and personnel for forest land register and management have been established from the central level to township level. Meanwhile, the forest tenure system has undergone reforms such as contractual agreements with farmer households, allowing forest land rights transfer and auctioning the use right of 'four wastelands', etc. Especially after 1998, the integrated national economic strength has been greatly enhanced and the support and help given to forestry have been strengthened. China has entered a historic transition period. The promulgation of the Law on Land Contract in Rural Areas will further lead to the decentralization of forest tenure system, farmers' contracts with real rights, diversity of operations, resources allocation by market and will promote forestry development. This paper describes mainly the current situation of forest tenure management system in China; reviews the reform process of forest tenure and its impact; and analyses the security of tenure and prospects in the trend of policy and legislation.
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